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What's Pandoc
- 17.3 Custom Pandoc templates. An R Markdown is first compiled to Markdown through knitr, and then converted to an output document (e.g., PDF, HTML, or Word) by Pandoc through a Pandoc template.While the default Pandoc templates used by R Markdown are designed to be flexible by allowing parameters to be specified in the YAML, users may wish to provide their own template for more control over.
- Pandocconvert ('f.html', to = 'a.pdf') This is a wrapper around pandoc, and argument are close to what pandoc is waiting. To is the format argument for output, like in pandoc Manual. You can't pass the output file. You need to use output for that.
To see the output created by each of the commands below, click on the name of the output file: HTML fragment: pandoc MANUAL.txt -o example1.html. Standalone HTML file: pandoc -s MANUAL.txt -o example2.html. HTML with table of contents, CSS, and custom footer.
According to official site, Pandoc is your swiss-army knify to convert files from one markup format into another.
Pandoc can convert documents in markdown, reStructuredText, textile, HTML, DocBook, LaTeX, MediaWiki markup, TWiki markup, OPML, Emacs Org-Mode, Txt2Tags, Microsoft Word docx, EPUB, or Haddock markup to
- HTML formats: XHTML, HTML5, and HTML slide shows using Slidy, reveal.js, Slideous, S5, or DZSlides.
- Word processor formats: Microsoft Word docx, OpenOffice/LibreOffice ODT, OpenDocument XML
- Ebooks: EPUB version 2 or 3, FictionBook2
- Documentation formats: DocBook, GNU TexInfo, Groff man pages, Haddock markup
- Page layout formats: InDesign ICML
- Outline formats: OPML
- TeX formats: LaTeX, ConTeXt, LaTeX Beamer slides
- PDF via LaTeX
- Lightweight markup formats: Markdown, reStructuredText, AsciiDoc, MediaWiki markup, DokuWiki markup, Emacs Org-Mode, Textile
- Custom formats: custom writers can be written in lua.
How to Install Pandoc
As for Windows users, download a package installer at pandoc's download page and install on your computer. After that, run
pandoc -v
in command prompt to verify if it is correctly installed.NOTE: The default package doesn't support PDF output, additional tool LaTeX is needed. MiKTeX is recommended by official site. However, it does have some issues with Chinese characters exporting. In this case, CTeX Full instead is a better choice.
For users of Mac OS X or Linux, refer to offcial site for more information about installation.
How to Convert Document With Pandoc
- Convert a webpage(html) to docx
- Convert a html to markdown
- Convert a html to pdf
- Convert a markdown to mediawiki
How to Export Document with Chinese Characters to PDF
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If your task is all about documents with English characters only, you can skip this section. This part talks about problems of exporting documents with Chinese characters to PDF.
- Install CTeX Full instead of MiKTeX
- Define templateExport Pandoc standard template using the following command:Open the template template.tex and find phrase
% if luatex or xelatex
, add the code below after this phrase.Note:
In my version of Pandoc(1.13.2), below is the default code after phrase% if luatex or xelatex
.Errors occur if just add code after Line#20. Finally, it turns out to be OK to add the code at Line#27. - Export documentsExport documents to PDf using the following command:template.tex is just the template modified in stage 2.
Thanks to this blog for solving the problem.
According to another blog, it's also possible to download pm-template.latex and use this template to export documents to PDF. For this template, the only thing needs to be noticed is, replace LiHei Pro to a Chinese font you have installed in your machine.
Pandoc's Markdown
Pandoc's author is really proud of its extension of markdown, or he wouldn't put 2/3 of the document talking about it.
How to Produce Slide Shows with Pandoc
It's fantastic to find that simple and concise slides can be made by Pandoc. One could keep collecting knowledges while occasionly transform them to slides to share with other people, without put so much time considering how to write PPT.
Either you've already heard of
pandoc
or if you have searched online for markdown
to pdf
or similar, you are sure to come across pandoc
. This tutorial will help you use pandoc
to generate pdf
and epub
from a GitHub style markdown file. The main motivation for this blog post is to highlight what customizations I did to generate pdf
and epub
versions for self-publishing my ebooks. It wasn't easy to arrive at the set-up I ended up with, so I hope this will be useful for those looking to use pandoc
to generate pdf
and epub
formats. This guide is specifically aimed at technical books that has code snippets.Installation?
If you use a debian based distro like Ubuntu, the below steps are enough for the demos in this tutorial. If you get an error or warning, search that issue online and you'll likely find what else has to be installed.
I first downloaded
deb
file from pandoc: releases and installed it. Followed by packages needed for pdf
generation.For more details and guide for other OS, refer to pandoc: installation
Minimal example?
Once
pandoc
is working on your system, try generating a sample pdf
without any customization. See learnbyexample.github.io repo for all the input and output files referred in this tutorial.
Here
sample_1.md
is input markdown file and -f
is used to specify that the input format is GitHub style markdown. The -o
option specifies the output file type based on extension. The default output is probably good enough. But I wished to customize hyperlinks, inline code style, add page breaks between chapters, etc. This blog post will discuss these customizations one by one.pandoc
has its own flavor of markdown
with many useful extensions — see pandoc: pandocs-markdown for details. GitHub style markdown is recommended if you wish to use the same source (or with minor changes) in multiple places. It is advised to use
markdown
headers in order without skipping — for example, H1
for chapter heading and H2
for chapter sub-section, etc is fine. H1
for chapter heading and H3
for sub-section is not. Using the former can give automatic index navigation on ebook readers.On Evince reader, the index navigation for above sample looks like this:
Chapter breaks?
As observed from previous demo, by default there are no chapter breaks. Searching for a solution online, I got this piece of
tex
code:This can be added using
-H
option. From pandoc
manual,-H FILE, --include-in-header=FILE
Include contents of FILE, verbatim, at the end of the header. Can i put google chrome on my macbook air. Thiscan be used, for example, to include special CSS or JavaScript inHTML documents. This option can be used repeatedly to include multiplefiles in the header. They will be included in the order specified.Implies --standalone.
The
pandoc
invocation now looks like:You can add further customization to headings, for example use
sectionfont{underlineclearpage}
to underline chapter names or sectionfont{LARGEclearpage}
to allow chapter names to get even bigger. Here's some more links to read about various customizations:Changing settings via -V option?
-V KEY[=VAL], --variable=KEY[:VAL]
Set the template variable KEY to the value VAL when rendering thedocument in standalone mode. This is generally only useful when the--template option is used to specify a custom template, since pandocautomatically sets the variables used in the default templates. Ifno VAL is specified, the key will be given the value true.
The
-V
option allows to change variable values to customize settings like page size, font, link color, etc. As more settings are changed, better to use a simple script to call pandoc
instead of typing the whole command on terminal.mainfont
is for normal textmonofont
is for code snippetsgeometry
for page size and marginslinkcolor
to set hyperlink color- to increase default font size, use
-V fontsize=12pt
- See stackoverflow: change font size if you need even bigger size options
Using
xelatex
as the pdf-engine
allows to use any font installed in the system. One reason I chose DejaVu
was because it supported Greek and other Unicode characters that were causing error with other fonts. See tex.stackexchange: Using XeLaTeX instead of pdfLaTeX for some more details.The
pandoc
invocation is now through a script:Do compare the pdf generated side by side with previous output before proceeding.
On my system,
DejaVu Serif
did not have italic variation installed, so I had to use sudo apt install ttf-dejavu-extra
to get it.Pandoc Html Page To Pdf
Syntax highlighting?
One option to customize syntax highlighting for code snippets is to save one of the
pandoc
themes and editing it. See stackoverflow: What are the available syntax highlighters? for available themes and more details (as a good practice on stackoverflow, go through all answers and comments — the linked/related sections on sidebar are useful as well).Edit the above file to customize the theme. Use sites like colorhexa to help with color choices, hex values, etc. For this demo, the below settings are changed:
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Inline code
Similar to changing background color for code snippets, I found a solution online to change background color for inline code snippets.
Add
--highlight-style pygments.theme
and --include-in-header inline_code.tex
to the script and generate the pdf
again.With
pandoc sample_2.md -f gfm -o sample_2.pdf
the output would be:Pandoc Html To Pdf Online
With
./md2pdf_syn.sh sample_2.md sample_2_syn.pdf
the output is:Pandoc Html To Pdf Download
For my Python re(gex)? book, by chance I found that using
ruby
instead of python
for REPL code snippets syntax highlighting was better. Snapshot from ./md2pdf_syn.sh sample_3.md sample_3.pdf
result is shown below. For python
directive, string output gets treated as a comment and color for boolean values isn't easy to distinguish from string values. The ruby
directive treats string value as expected and boolean values are easier to spot.Bullet styling?
This stackoverflow Q&A helped for bullet styling.
Comparing
pandoc sample_4.md -f gfm -o sample_4.pdf
vs ./md2pdf_syn_bullet.sh sample_4.md sample_4_bullet.pdf
gives:PDF properties?
This tex.stackexchange Q&A helped to change metadata. See also pspdfkit: What’s Hiding in Your PDF? and discussion on HN.
./md2pdf_syn_bullet_prop.sh sample_4.md sample_4_bullet_prop.pdf
gives:![Pandoc html to pdf follow links Pandoc html to pdf follow links](/uploads/1/3/7/2/137264070/369535005.png)
Adding table of contents?
There's a handy option
--toc
to automatically include table of contents at top of the generated pdf
. You can control number of levels using --toc-depth
option, the default is 3 levels. You can also change the default string Contents
to something else using -V toc-title
option../md2pdf_syn_bullet_prop_toc.sh sample_1.md sample_1_toc.pdf
gives:Adding cover image?
To add something prior to table of contents, cover image for example, you can use a
tex
file and include it verbatim. Create a tex
file (named as cover.tex
here) with content as shown below:Then, modify the previous script
md2pdf_syn_bullet_prop_toc.sh
by adding --include-before-body cover.tex
and tada — you get the cover image before table of contents. thispagestyle{empty}
helps to avoid page number on the cover page, see also tex.stackexchange: clear page.The
bash
script invocation is now ./md2pdf_syn_bullet_prop_toc_cover.sh sample_5.md sample_5.pdf
. You'll need at least one image in input markdown file, otherwise settings won't apply to the cover image and you may end up with weird output.
sample_5.md
used in the command above includes an image. And be careful to use escapes if the image path can contain tex
metacharacters.Stylish blockquote?
By default, blockquotes (lines starting with
>
in markdown) are just indented in the pdf
output. To make them standout, tex.stackexchange: change the background color and border of blockquote helped.Create
quote.tex
with the contents as shown below. You can change the colors to suit your own preferred style.Pandoc Html To Pdf Editor
The
bash
script invocation is now ./md2pdf_syn_bullet_prop_toc_cover_quote.sh sample_5.md sample_5_quote.pdf
. The difference between default and styled blockquote is shown below.Pandoc Html To Pdf
Customizing epub?
For a long time, I thought
epub
didn't make sense for programming books. Turned out, I wasn't using the right ebook readers. FBReader is good for novels but not ebooks with code snippets. When I used atril and calibre ebook-viewer, the results were good.I didn't know how to use
css
before trying to generate the epub
version. Somehow, I managed to take the default epub.css provided by pandoc
and customize it as close as possible to the pdf
version. The modified epub.css
is available from the learnbyexample.github.io repo. The bash
script to generate the epub
is shown below and invoked as ./md2epub.sh sample_5.md sample_5.epub
. Note that pygments.theme
is same as the pdf
customization discussed before.Resource links?
More options and workflows for generating ebooks:
- pandoc-latex-template — a clean pandoc LaTeX template to convert your markdown files to PDF or LaTeX
- Jupyter Book — open source project for building beautiful, publication-quality books and documents from computational material
- See also fastdoc — the output of fastdoc is an asciidoc file for each input notebook. You can then use asciidoctor to convert that to HTML, DocBook, epub, mobi, and so forth
- Asciidoctor
- Sphinx
Miscellaneous
- picular: search engine for colors and colorhexa